Detection and treatment of amblyopia in children.

Refractive errors are a common cause of decreased visual acuity. They can be found in 2-4% of preschool children. If not discovered on time and not properly treated, they can lead to amblyopia and strabismus. The active participation of parents and paediatricians is of great importance in timely discovering and treatment of amblyopia. The most common causes of amblyopia are strabismus (50.1%) and refractive error (44.7%). The best treatment results are achieved in amblyopic children with strabismus. The cooperation of physicians of all specialties, above all paediatricians and ophthalmologists, as well as a good collaboration of parents based on their being well-informed, must exist in the process of timely diagnosing and treating of amblyopia.